Lógicas normativas, moral y derecho

Resumen

The relationships between moral and legal codes, that is, between specific normative sets, is a traditional problem of ethics, politics and law philosophy. Deontic logics have provided some instruments for a deeper analysis of those relations. The authors try to analyze the logical consequences of the adoption of different axiomaticallogical systems, where deontic modalities are introduced as expressing different senses of moral or legal obligation, prohibition, permission, etc. It tums out, as a result of the analysis , that sorne very traditional thesis about the relationships between law and moral presuppose different logical requirements, some of which are not only interesting from a pure formal point of view, but also as an essay in a rational analysis of normative discourse. Different types of logics, specially sorne called bidimensional deontic systems, are investigated, as sorne mixed alethic-deontic and paraconsistent systems are sketched, Contraintuitive consequences and paradoxes deriving Crom those logical presuppositions are described and their consequences in ethical thinking are underlined.

The paper' s purpose is to attain a better understanding of sorne informal ethical notions through the construction of formal systems expressing with sorne precision the very vague notions that sometimes are behind accepted legal or moral conceptions. Thus, the authors think, it would be possible a progressive aproximation to a better analysis of sorne important presuppositions of ethical discourse, a discourse where morals and law have an essential part to play.
[Roberto Vemengo]